These solutions are then adapted to describe conventional cell cycle kinetic assays based on pulse labelling with nucleoside analogs. Analytic solutions are derived for the proportions of cells in each cycle phase in a population growing under balanced growth and under specific non-stationary conditions. In this model, the total cell cycle length is distributed as a delayed hypoexponential function that closely reproduces empirical distributions. A phase-resolved cell cycle model is introduced assuming that phase completion times are distributed as delayed exponential functions, capturing the observations that each realization of a cycle phase is variable in length and requires a minimal time. This article addresses the question of how to describe and quantify the mean and variance of the cell cycle phase lengths. Reflecting this regulatory complexity, the length of each phase varies considerably in different kinds of cells but also among genetically and morphologically indistinguishable cells. The eukaryotic cell cycle progresses in an ordered sequence through the phases and and is regulated by environmental cues and by intracellular checkpoints. A fundamental property of cell populations is their growth rate as well as the time needed for cell division and its variance.
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